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Hindi poetry, a rich and diverse tradition, spans centuries and reflects the cultural, historical, and social changes of the Indian subcontinent. It can be broadly categorized into different periods and styles, including ancient, medieval, Bhakti, and modern poetry. Here’s an overview of each:

Vedic Poetry:
The roots of Hindi poetry can be traced back to the Vedic period, with hymns and verses from texts like the Rigveda. These early forms of poetry were predominantly religious and philosophical.

Classical Sanskrit Poetry:
Although not in Hindi, the influence of classical Sanskrit poets like Kalidasa on later Hindi poetry is significant. Works like "Meghaduta" and "Raghuvamsa" set a high standard for poetic beauty and sophistication.
Medieval Period

Bhakti Movement:
The Bhakti movement, spanning from the 8th to the 17th centuries, brought a devotional fervor to Hindi poetry. It emphasized a personal connection with the divine and produced some of the most revered poets in Hindi literature.

Key Poets:
Kabir: Known for his dohas (couplets) that criticized both religious orthodoxy and social injustices.
Tulsidas: Famous for his epic "Ramcharitmanas," a retelling of the Ramayana in Awadhi, a dialect of Hindi.
Surdas: Celebrated for his devotional songs dedicated to Lord Krishna, compiled in the "Sursagar."
Meera Bai: A Rajput princess whose bhajans (devotional songs) expressing her love for Krishna are widely popular.

Modern Period

Chhayavad Movement:
The early 20th century saw the rise of the Chhayavad movement, characterized by a romantic and mystical style. This period is often compared to the Romantic era in Western literature.

Key Poets:
Jaishankar Prasad: Known for his works "Kamayani" and "Ansu," blending romanticism with mysticism.
Suryakant Tripathi 'Nirala': His poetry dealt with themes of social justice and human dignity.
Sumitranandan Pant: Celebrated for his nature poetry and philosophical musings.
Mahadevi Varma: Her poignant and introspective verses often explored themes of pain and emancipation.

Progressive Writers Movement:
In the mid-20th century, the Progressive Writers' Movement brought a wave of social and political consciousness to Hindi poetry, focusing on themes like freedom, equality, and justice.

Key Poets:
Harivansh Rai Bachchan: Best known for his epic poem "Madhushala," a metaphorical work that uses a tavern and a wine-cup to explore deeper existential themes.
Agnaye: His poetry often addressed socio-political issues and human suffering.
Kaifi Azmi: A significant figure whose works reflect his commitment to social change and his deep humanism.

Contemporary Hindi Poetry:
Modern Hindi poetry is diverse, reflecting the complexities of contemporary life in India. It ranges from the personal to the political, with poets experimenting with form and content.

Key Poets:
Kumar Vishwas: Known for his romantic and patriotic poetry, often recited at Kavi Sammelans (poetry gatherings).
Gopaldas Neeraj: His poetry is noted for its lyrical beauty and philosophical depth.
Ashok Vajpeyi: A contemporary poet and critic whose works often reflect on cultural and existential themes.